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Citation Guide (MLA 9th Edition) UNDER CONSTRUCTION

How to cite sources according to MLA

Location (Works Cited)

Location is the ninth core element.

This element describes where the source was accessed/can be found.

Locations can be cities, page numbers, URLs, DOIs, disc numbers, etc.

  • The location used depends on the medium of the source.
  • For print sources, the location is the page number or range of page numbers.
    • The format is "p. 166" for one page and "pp. 123-166" for a range of pages.
  • For online sources, the location is the URL or DOI (if available).
  • For a DVD, use the disc number.
  • For physical objects like artwork or live events, use the place it is held.
  • Optional elements include: 
    • the original date of publication, if it is relevant to the use of the source. Place the original date of publication after the source's title followed by a period.
    • original city of publication for sources published prior to 1900 or books with different versions depending upon the audience, like a book available in a British or American version. Place the city name before the publication date followed by a comma.
  • This element ends with a period.

Examples

For ease of identification, locations are in bold and red text below.

Selection from a book or anthology:

Howard, Rebecca Moore. “Avoiding Sentence Fragments.” Writing Matters: A Handbook for Writing and Research, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 2014, pp. 600-10.

Poe, Edgar Allan. "The Black Cat". Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama, edited by Robert DiYanni, 6th ed., McGraw Hill, 2007, pp. 137-43.

Kritzman, Lawrence D. "Foucault and the Politics of Experience." Introduction. Politics, Philosophy, Culture: Interviews and Other Writings, 1977-1984. Routledge, 1988, pp. ix-xxv.

Print journal, magazine, or newspaper article:

Dickman, Kylie. "Apocalypse in the Garden State." Rolling Stone, no. 1260, 5 May 2016, pp. 36-9.​

Journal, magazine, or newspaper article from an online database:

Tucker, Virginia M., et al. “Learning Portals: Analyzing Threshold Concept Theory for LIS Education.” Journal of Education for Library and Information Science, vol. 55, no. 2, 2014, pp. 150-65. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43686977. Accessed 29 Aug. 2023.

Magazine article from a Website:

Garber, Megan. "The Trump Campaign Just Became Literature." The Atlantic, 28 June 2016, www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/06/the-trump-campaign-just-became-literature/489140/.

Online video:

"The H Bomb: Making up for Lost Time: Lost." YouTube, uploaded by ABC's Lost, 24 Nov. 2009, www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueh4yEcjCp4.

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